What Happens to a Woman’s Body After Menopause?

Menopause is a natural biological stage that marks the end of a woman’s reproductive years and the permanent cessation of menstrual periods. It usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 55.

As the ovaries produce less oestrogen and progesterone, menstrual cycles become irregular before stopping altogether. Menopause is generally confirmed after 12 consecutive months without a period, when there is no other medical explanation.

The hormonal changes can cause hot flushes, night sweats and disrupted sleep. Some women also experience mood changes or difficulty concentrating, although the type and severity of symptoms vary.

Lower oestrogen levels can lead to vaginal dryness and discomfort during sex, as well as urinary symptoms. Over time, declining oestrogen also contributes to bone loss, making bone health an important consideration after menopause.

Regular physical activity, a balanced diet and avoiding smoking can support health during this transition. Women whose symptoms affect daily life can discuss treatment options with a healthcare professional, while any vaginal bleeding after menopause should be medically assessed.